... The Singapore-based team, who describe their work in a paper inNature Nanotechnology, created pixels using tiny nanoscale posts, with silver and gold nanodiscs on top. The distance between these structures, and their diameter, sets the colour of light that they reflect. ...
The team has applied for a patent to cover their work, and hopes to commercialise it. Potential uses could include nanoscale watermarks, cryptography, and as a method of packing vast amounts of data onto physical media, like a DVD. As the nanostructures are permanent, the technology could be useful for archiving content for long periods of time.
See the full story here: http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2012/08/100000-dpi-image/